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Carbide turning inserts are the unsung heroes of machining. They help us shape, carve, and perfect metal into the precise forms we need for countless applications. If you’re involved in machining or manufacturing, understanding carbide turning inserts is crucial. This guide will dive deep into the world of carbide turning inserts, covering everything from types and applications to selecting the right one for your needs.

Overview of Carbide Turning Inserts

Carbide turning inserts are cutting tools used in lathes for turning operations. They are made from carbide, a compound of carbon and tungsten, known for its hardness and resistance to wear. These inserts are designed to handle the high-speed cutting of tough materials like steel, stainless steel, cast iron, and non-ferrous metals. They come in various shapes, sizes, and grades, each tailored to specific cutting conditions and materials.

Types of Carbide Turning Inserts

There are numerous types of carbide turning inserts, each suited for different machining tasks. Here’s a detailed table summarizing the main types of carbide turning inserts:

インサート・タイプ形状Typical Useメリットデメリット
C-Type (CNMG, CNMM)ひし形一般旋削Versatile, strong edgesLimited chip control
D-Type (DNMG, DNMM)55° Rhombic仕上げ作業Good for light cutsFragile edges
S-Type (SNMG, SNMM)正方形頑丈な旋盤加工Strong cutting edgesLess flexible in shapes
T-Type (TNMG, TNMM)トライアングル荒削りと仕上げMulti-corner usabilityLower strength edges
V-Type (VNMG, VNMM)35° Rhombic仕上げExcellent for precise cutsFragile, less durable
W-Type (WNMG, WNMM)トライゴンHeavy-duty roughingHigh strength, versatileComplex chip formation
R-Type (RNMG, RNMM)ラウンドProfiling, groovingStrongest insertLimited corner usability
carbide turning inserts

Applications of Carbide Turning Inserts

Carbide turning inserts are used across various industries due to their versatility and durability. Here’s a table detailing their applications:

産業申し込みInsert Type Recommended
自動車Engine components, shaftsC-Type, S-Type
航空宇宙Structural parts, turbine bladesV-Type, W-Type
医療機器Surgical instruments, implantsD-Type, V-Type
石油・ガスPipe fittings, valvesT-Type, S-Type
一般エンジニアリングMachinery parts, toolsC-Type, T-Type
エレクトロニクスEnclosures, connectorsD-Type, R-Type
建設機械Hydraulic components, framesS-Type, W-Type

Material Properties of Carbide Turning Inserts

Understanding the material properties of carbide turning inserts is crucial for selecting the right one for your specific needs. Here’s a detailed table of these properties:

プロパティ説明
硬度High hardness, typically 80-90 HRA
タフネスResistance to breaking and chipping
耐摩耗性Ability to withstand wear from abrasive materials
熱伝導率High, dissipates heat effectively
化学的安定性Resistant to oxidation and chemical reactions

Composition and Characteristics of Carbide Turning Inserts

Carbide turning inserts are composed of several elements, each contributing to their unique characteristics:

エレメントパーセント(%)特徴
タングステン(W)70-80硬度と強度を提供
カーボン(C)6-10Forms the carbide compound, enhancing hardness
コバルト5-10Binds the tungsten carbide particles together
Titanium (Ti)1-5Increases toughness and wear resistance
タンタル (Ta)1-3Enhances high-temperature strength
Niobium (Nb)0.5-2Improves resistance to thermal shock

硬度、強度、耐摩耗性

Carbide turning inserts must balance hardness, strength, and wear resistance to perform effectively. Here’s a comparative table:

プロパティ説明
硬度Ensures the insert can cut through tough materials.
強さPrevents the insert from breaking under high pressure.
耐摩耗性Extends the insert’s life by resisting wear and tear.

仕様、サイズ、形状、規格

Carbide turning inserts come in various specifications to suit different machining tasks. Here’s a table detailing these specifications:

仕様詳細
サイズRanges from 1/8″ to 1″ in cutting edge size
形状Rhombic, square, triangle, round, trigon
規格ISO, ANSI, DIN, JIS

サプライヤーと価格詳細

Here’s a list of notable suppliers and their pricing details for carbide turning inserts:

サプライヤー国名価格帯(1枚あたり)
ケナメタルアメリカ$5 – $30
サンドビック・コロマントスウェーデン$8 – $40
三菱マテリアル日本$7 – $35
セコ・ツールズスウェーデン$6 – $33
ウォルター・ツールズドイツ$9 – $37
イスカーイスラエル$10 – $45
住友電工日本$8 – $38
タンガロイ日本$7 – $34
京セラ日本$6 – $32
Taegutec韓国$5 – $30

How to Select the Right Carbide Turning Inserts

Choosing the right carbide turning insert can significantly impact your machining efficiency and product quality. Here’s a table to guide you through the selection process:

基準考察
素材タイプChoose inserts suited for the material you are machining.
切断速度Higher speeds require tougher, more wear-resistant inserts.
フィード・レートMatch the insert to your feed rate for optimal performance.
切り込みEnsure the insert can handle your required depth of cut.
マシンパワーSelect inserts compatible with your machine’s power capacity.
Finish RequirementsChoose inserts that can achieve your desired surface finish.

利点と限界を比較する

Every type of carbide turning insert has its own set of advantages and limitations. Here’s a comparative table to help you understand them better:

インサート・タイプメリット制限事項
C-TypeVersatile, strong edgesLimited chip control
D-TypeGood for light cutsFragile edges
S-TypeStrong cutting edgesLess flexible in shapes
T-TypeMulti-corner usabilityLower strength edges
V-TypeExcellent for precise cutsFragile, less durable
W-TypeHigh strength, versatileComplex chip formation
R-TypeStrongest insertLimited corner usability

Metal Powder Models for Carbide Turning Inserts

Here are some specific metal powder models used in the production of carbide turning inserts, along with their descriptions:

  1. WC-Co(炭化タングステン-コバルト):
  • 説明: A composite material made of tungsten carbide particles bonded with cobalt.
  • 特徴: High hardness, toughness, and wear resistance.
  1. TiC (Titanium Carbide):
  • 説明: A carbide compound of titanium and carbon.
  • 特徴: Excellent wear resistance and chemical stability.
  1. TaC (Tantalum Carbide):
  • 説明: A refractory carbide of tantalum and carbon.
  • 特徴: High melting point, strength, and hardness.
  1. NbC (Niobium Carbide):
  • 説明: A hard refractory metal carbide.
  • 特徴: High hardness, thermal conductivity, and chemical resistance.
  1. VC (Vanadium Carbide):
  • 説明: A carbide of vanadium and carbon.
  • 特徴: Enhances toughness and wear resistance.
  1. CrC (Chromium Carbide):
  • 説明: A compound of chromium and carbon.
  • 特徴: High hardness and corrosion resistance.
  1. Mo2C (Molybdenum Carbide):
  • 説明: A carbide compound of molybdenum.
  • 特徴: Good hardness and thermal stability.
  1. WC-TiC-TaC (Composite Carbide):
  • 説明: A combination of tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, and tantalum carbide.
  • 特徴: Superior wear resistance and toughness.
  1. ZrC (Zirconium Carbide):
  • 説明: A carbide of zirconium.
  • 特徴: High hardness and thermal conductivity.
  1. HfC (Hafnium Carbide):
    • 説明: A refractory carbide of hafnium.
    • 特徴: Exceptional hardness and high melting point.
carbide turning inserts

よくあるご質問

What are carbide turning inserts made of?
Carbide turning inserts are primarily made from tungsten carbide, cobalt, and other elements like titanium, tantalum, and niobium.

Why are carbide inserts preferred in machining?
They are preferred for their hardness, wear resistance, and ability to handle high-speed cutting.

How do I choose the right carbide turning insert?
Consider the material type, cutting speed, feed rate, depth of cut, machine power, and finish requirements.

What are the main types of carbide turning inserts?
The main types include C-Type, D-Type, S-Type, T-Type, V-Type, W-Type, and R-Type.

Can carbide turning inserts be reused?
Yes, they can be indexed or rotated to use multiple cutting edges.

What is the lifespan of a carbide turning insert?
It depends on the material being machined and the cutting conditions but typically ranges from several hours to days of continuous use.

Are carbide turning inserts standardized?
Yes, they adhere to international standards such as ISO, ANSI, DIN, and JIS.

What industries use carbide turning inserts?
They are used in automotive, aerospace, medical devices, oil and gas, general engineering, electronics, and construction equipment industries.

How do carbide turning inserts affect machining performance?
They enhance machining performance by providing precise cuts, reducing downtime, and improving surface finishes.

What are some top brands for carbide turning inserts?
Top brands include Kennametal, Sandvik Coromant, Mitsubishi Materials, Seco Tools, Walter Tools, and Iscar.

結論

Carbide turning inserts are indispensable tools in modern machining, offering unparalleled performance in terms of hardness, toughness, and wear resistance. Understanding the various types, applications, and selection criteria can help you choose the right insert for your specific needs, enhancing productivity and ensuring high-quality results in your machining operations.

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